Improvement in paper-bag machines



` l 4Sheets--Sheeg 2, W. LID DELL.

. Paper-Bag Machine. N0.160,446. Y Patented March2,1875. 4

V .M/ y g 4 @ggg 4 m THE GRAPHIC.COJE'HOTO'LITMKSQH PARK PLACE,N`.Y.

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

W.. LI'DDELL. Paper-Bag Machine.

, Patented March 2,1875.

No.l60,445.

THE GRAPHIC C0.PHOT0.LITH.39&41 PARK PLAGEJLYA 4 Sheets--Shee 4. W. LIDDELL.

Paper-Bag Machine. N0, 160,446 Patented March2,\875.

Xfire/liar I //kefmr UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VILLIAM LIDDELL, OF BUFFALO, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELFAND HOWLAND & OO., OFSANDY HILL, NEl/V YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN PAPER-BAG MACHINES.

Specilication forming part of Letters Patent No. 160,446, dated March 2,1%75; application filed November 3, 1874.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM LIDDELL, of

' the city of Buffalo, in the county of Erie and chines which areemployed in the manufacture of what is known as square or satchel bottombags, the features of which will be best understood from the followingdescription.

1n the accompanying drawings, consisting of three sheets, Figure 1 is aside elevation ot' a machine provided with my improvements. Fig. 2 is atop-plan view. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section, and Fig. 4 afront elevation, thereof. Fig. 5-is a cross-section in line w Fig. 2.Fig. 6 is an end elevation, with the lower conveyer-rollers and bottompaste mechanism removed. Fig. 7 is a sectional View of the feed-rollers,with the expanding springs compressed between the same. Fig. Sis asimilar view, with said springs thrust forward and expanded. Fig. 9 is asimilar view of the feed-rollers, with the side folders pressed againstthe same, and the upper and lower fblding-rollers in the act of formingthe upper and lower bottom lap. Fig. 10 is a fragmentary view of theside-folding arms in a close position, and actuating parts. Fig. 1]

is a perspective view, illustrating the manner in which the side-foldingarms fold in the distended mouth of the paper tube. Fig. 12 is adetached view of the inclined table and connecting parts. Fig. 13 is aperspective View ofthe bag with the two side laps formed. Fig. 14 is aperspective view of the bag with the bottom completed. Fig. 15 is adetached view of the cam by which the expanding-springs are actuated.Fig. 16 is a detached view of the cam by which the upper and lowerfolding-rollers are operated. Fig. 17 is a perspective view of one ofthe cams by which the sidefolding hands are closed. Fig. 1S representsthe plain end of the tube; Fig. 19, the same, opened by the spring-arms;Fig. 20, the corners of the tube turned in by the side-folders; Fig. 2l,the upper and lower bottom iiap, formed bythe upper and lowerfolding-rollers. Fig 22 represents the bottom of the bag flattened outas it passes onto the inclined table. Fig. 23 represents the bottompasted and folded as it is discharged by the last set ofpressure-rollers.

Like letters ot' reference designate like parts in each ofthe figures.

A A represent the side frames of the machine connected by cross-stays a,in the usual manner; al, a horizontal shaft, arranged at the rear end ofthe frames A, for the reception ofthe paper roll, and a2, an elevatedguideroller, over which the web ot' paper passes preparatory to beingformed into a tube. B is the horizontal bed-plate or table, supported bycross-bars b b, and 0 c1 the two main feedrollers, arranged above eachother at the forward end of the table B. rlhe upper roller c issupported in suitable standard-bearin gs c2, secured to the side framesA A, and connected to the lower roller c1 by two gear-wheels, cl cl, inan ordinary manner. D is the main driving-shaft of the machine.supported in bearings d d, arranged near the forward ends of the sideframes A. As represented in the drawings, motion is transmitted to theshaft D from a pulley, d1, and pinion d2, turning on a stud or arborsecured to one of the side frames, and engaging with a gear-wheel, d3,secured to one end of the shaft D. eis a crank, mounted on the oppositeend ofthe shaft D, and el a rod or link connecting the same with aradial arm, e2, turning' loosely on an arbor, e3. E is a gear-wheel, andEl a ratchet-wheel, secured together side by side, and turning looselyon the arbor. The radial arm e2 is provided with a spring-pawl, e4,engaging with the teeth of the ratchetwheel E', so that when the arm c2is turned by the crank ein the direction of the arrow, Fig. 1, theratchet-wheel E and gear-wheel E are turned on the arbor c, while, whenthe movement of the arm e2 is reversed, the pawl e4 slides over theratchets, when the wheels E E remain stationary. The gear-wheel Eengages with a pinion, c, secured to the shaft of the lower feed-rollerc1.

By this means an intermittent rotary motion is transmitted to thefeed-rollers O C from the continually-rotating driving-shaft D.

The bolt or pin by which the rod el is connected vby the crank c isarranged in a slot of the latter, so that the throw of the crank e canbe increased or reduced by shifting said bolt in its slot, whereby thearc through .which the arm e2 moves and the motion of the feedrollersare correspondingly increased or lessened. ff are two pair of datsprings arranged between the feed-rollers C C', the upper roller beingprovided with two shallow annular grooves, c3, for the receptionthereof. The two springs f, forming one pair, are arranged one upon theother, and secured with theirrear ends to the arms of a bifureated bar,F, while their front ends are free, the springs being so constructedthat their front ends will expand when they are released. The rear endf1 of the bar F slides in dependent bearings f2, secured to brackets f2.

The web of paper is formed into a tube around this bar by any suitableand wellknown means, which mechanism is not shown in the drawings, theposition of the guideroller a2 bein g removed farther back or changed,as may be required by the particular tubeforming mechanism employed.

The bar F is operated by a lever, g, mounted on a cross-shaft, g1, andconnected with the bar by a link, g2. rlhe bar F is retained in such aposition th at the free ends of the springs f are compressed together,or held in contact between the feed-rollers C C', as shown in Fig. 3, bya spiral spring, g3, connecting the lever g with the rear guide f2. Theshaft g1 and lever g are actuated by means of an arm, g4, and rod g5from a cam, gi, mounted on the shaft D, and engaging with a pin on therod g5, the latter sliding in guides gFI attached to the side frame. H Hare two radial frames or bearings, arranged at the ends of each of thefeed-rollers C C', so as to turn loosely on the shafts thereof. h is afolding-roller, supported in the bearings H of each feed-roller, so asto travel in contact with the surface thereof. llhe two swingingbearings H of each roller are connected by a cross-stay, h1. h2 is v1arock-lever, pivoted at its lower end to one of the side frames, andjointed at the top to two links, h2, connecting with the swingingbearings H of both feed-rollers, so as to actuate the samesimultaneously. The lever h2 is swung forward at regular intervals, soas to bring the upper and lower folding-rollers h together in front ofthe feed-rollers, by means of a rod, 11.4, sliding in a bearing, h5, andactuated by a cam, h, mounted on the shaft D, and engaging with a pin onthe rod h4. The lever h2 is returned to its rearward position whenreleased from the cam h6 by a spiral spring, hl, Fig. 2, connecting itwith one of the side frames (l. It is a flat spring or plate attached tothe cross-stay of the upper bearings H, and arranged in a groove of theupper roller h, on the inner side thereof, so as to project slightlyfrom under said roller, for a purpose hereinafter to be explained. Irepresents the movable knife, and I1 the stationary knife, by which thepaper bags are severed from the tube. The movable knife I is secured toa head, t', attached to a rock-shaft,i'1, by an arm, 2, which ispreferably composed of two parts bolted together, so as to be lengthwiseadjustable. This knife is retained in an elevated position by a cam, I2,mounted on the shaft D, and engaging with the pin j of an arm, J,secured to the rock-shaft il. The cam I2 is provided with a recess, jl,which, as the pin j of the arm J enters, leaves the knife I free todescend and close upon the stationary blade I1. )2 is an elastic cushionsecured to the side frame A, and j an arm secured to the rock-shaft il,so as to strike this cushion at the moment the tube is severed, therebyarresting the closing movement of the knife, and causing the same torebound when the pin j is withdrawn from the recess of the cam I2 andthe knife returned to its elevated position by the latter.

The same result may, however, be attained by arranging the cushion j2 inthe bottom of the recess jl of the cam.

The lower knife Il is attached to the side frames A A in such mannerthat it can be readily adjusted toward and from the feedrollers tocorrespond with the adjustment of the upper knife. folding hands, eachhaving two concave faces joining to a horizontal edge, so as to fit inthe angle between the feed-rollers G Gl. The hands KK are hinged tohorizontal arms L L, pivoted at Z to a cross-piece, Z1, secured to theside frames. The hinges of the hands K K are provided with a stop orshoulder, k, to limit their inward movement on the pivot, while theiroutward movement is opposed by a iiat spring, k1, the normal position ofthe hands being shown in Fig. 2, in which the springs k1 hold the handsagainst the stops k. rIhe arms L when opened, as shown in Fig. l, holdthe folders K at such a distance apart that the paper tube can passbetween them to the cutting mechanism. The arms L are swung inwardly, soas to close against the feed-roller, by two cams, Z2, mounted on thedriving-shaft D, and engaging with pins projecting downwardly from linksZ3, attached with their inner ends to the arms L, while their outer endsare guided in brackets Z4, secured to the crosspiece Z1. AThe'arms L areopened, when released from the cams Z2, by spiral springs Z5, in anobvious manner. M is an inclined table, arranged between the side framesA A, with its upper end in the rear of the stationary knife Il, whileits lower end terminates near the bottom of the machine, at the forwardend thereof. m m1 are two feed-rollers, arranged near the upper end ofthe plate M, on opposite sides thereof, and n a two rollers of largerdiameter, arranged similarly near the lower end thereof'. The rollers mn and m1 a are connected, respectively, by endless tapes or cords o 01,forming two con- Veyers, the carrying parts of the tapes running inclose contact with the upper surface K K represent the two sideof theinclined table. m2 is a guide-bar, attached to the under side of thecross-piece l1, and arranged with its inner end over the stationaryknife Il, so as to guide the bottom lap of the bag between feed-rollersm m1. p is a pinion, mounted on the end of the shaft of the upperfeed-roller m1, and 101 a counter-pinion, turning on an arbor secured tothe side frame, and transmitting motion to the pinion p from agear-wheel, P, mounted ou the driving-shaft D. The upper roller mtransmits motion to the lower roller'a byineans of the tape-s o, whencethe motion is transmitted to the roller nl by two gear-wheels, 102103,and thence to the upper roller m1 by the tapes 01. q is thepastereceptacle of the bottompasting mechanism, arranged at the forwardend of the machine, near the lower portion of the inclined table M, andq the paste-roller arranged therein.

R is the revolving pasting-plate, curved in the form of acylinder-segment, and attached by 'an arm 1' to a shaft r1 arranged euidistant from the surfaces of the inclined table and the paste-rollerg. The radius of the segmental plate R is slightly less, or almost equalto the distance from the axis of the shaft r1 to the surface of thepaste-roller and to the inclinedy table M, so that as the plate Rrevolves its surface will come in contact with the paste 011 the rollerq', and take it therefrom, and then apply it to the paper. The face ofthe pasting-plate is preferably roughened to better receive, retain, andtransfer the paste to the paper. r2 is a friction-roller, arranged in anopening of the inclined table, at the point where the paste-plate R isdesigned to come in contact therewith, so as to facilitate the carryingalong of the paper by the plate R in applying the paste thereto. Theoutlines of the pasting-plate R are of such shape as to apply the pastein the bottom of the bag in the form represented by the shaded portionin Fig.

- 13. r3k is a slot formed in the rear portion of the pasting-plate, andextending nearly the whole length thereof, to prevent any paste beingapplied between the inner edges ofthe side laps 1 2, which would causethe bottom to adhere to the inside ofthe sack. s are projectinggagestrips of rubber or other suitable material arranged around theouter edge of the pastingplate for the purpose of regulating thethickness of the layer of paste taken from the roller q. Thepaste-roller q' is revolved by its contact with the carrier R, but ifdesired it ma-y be rotated from the shaft r1 by an endless band andpulleys, or by any other suitable means. The paster-shafti11 is providedwith a pinion, S, to which motion is transmitted from the wheel P of themain driving-shaft D by means of a duplex gear-wheel, Sl S2. The latteris composed of two halves, arranged side by side and secured together,the halfS1 engaging with the Wheel P being provided with teeth on itsentire circumference, while the half S2 engaging with' the pinion S ofthe paster-shaft is` provided with teeth only on a certain portion ofits circumference. The size of the pinion S and of the toothed portionS2 of the intermediate gear-wheel are so proportioned that thepaster-shaft will make one revolution for each revolution of the maindriving-shaft D, while the pasting-plate R will have the samecircumferential velocity as the upper conveyer-rolls m m1, andconsequently travel at the same speed at which the sacks move past thepasting mechanism. t is a circular disk mounted on the shaft r1, andprovided with a notch, t1, in which engages a spring-pawl, t2, pivotedto the inner side of the side frame. The disk t is so arranged on theshaft r1 that when the pasting-plate lt has completed one revolution andthe partlytoothed wheel S2 is disengaged from the piuion S, the pawl t2will engage into the notch t1 and retain the paster-shaft and pinion Sin this position ready for re-engageinent with the wheel S2, as shown inFigs. 2, 3, and 4. The weight and overhanging position of thepasting-plate R, when the shaft 'rl is released, are sufficient tocounteract any momentum which it may have acquired during itsrevolution, and insure the stopping ofthe parts at the proper point. Uis a folder-plate attached to a shaft, u, arranged above the lower endof the inclined table near the rollers u n. V is an oscillating strikeror folding arm pivoted at o to a bracket attached to one of the sideframes A, and arranged parallel with the inclined table and in closeproximity therewith. It is actuated by a sliding bar, v1, running inguides o2 attached to the table M and connecting with the striker V by apin, 03, engaging in a slot thereof, as clearly shown in Fig. 6. if* isa spiral spring attached to the bar o1, so as to hold it in a raisedposition. The bar r1 is operated by a cam or arm, o5, mounted on thepaster-shaft and engaging with a projection, o6, on the bar nl. Thelatter actuates the folderplate U by means of a pin or projection, u1,engaging with a springdog, u2, on the shaft u. The shaft u is providedwith an arm, ua, against which bears a spring, a4, whereby thefolder-plate U is held iiran open position, as represented in Fig. l2.

The paper tube having been formed it is fed forward between thefeed-rollers C C with the springs ffwithin the tube, until the mouth ofthe same projects about six inches from the feed-rollers,when the motionofthe latter ceases. The bar F and springs f f, the ends of which havebeen pressed together so far, are now thrust forward by the action ofthe cam gs, so that the free ends of the springs f f expand, whereby themouth of the tube is distended, as clearly shown in Fig. S. The arms L,with the folding-hands K in the position shown in Fig. 2, are now closedby the cams Z2. As these arms begin to close, the relative positionofthe hands to the arms remaining unchanged, the edges of the handsbegilitoincline inwardly from their former position parallel to thefeed-rollers. In continuing to close, the folding-edges of the handsstrike the edge of the distended mouth of the tube in the inclinedposition shown in Fig. 11, and begin to fold in the paper, when theouter end of the foldinghands engage in the angle between thefeedrollers, near their ends, which, as the arms continue their closingmovement, cause the inner ends of the hands K to be gradually forcedinto the angle of the feed-rollers, and against the same, until theyassume the posisition shown in Figs. 5 and l0. This action of the han dsK K causes the mouth of the tube to be folded laterally and inwardly, soas to approximate the form of the folds marked l 2 in Fig.13. As thehands K K close against the feed-rollers the springs f f are releasedfrom the action of the cani gs, and withdrawn to their former compressedposition by the spiral spring g3. The folders K being retained in theirclosed position against the feed-rollers, the upper and lowerfolding-rollers h It are brought simultaneously together over the sidefolders K by the action ofthe cam h6 npon the rock-lever h2, folding thetop portion of the mouth of the tube downward over the upper straightedges of the hands K K, and the bottom portion thereof upward, over thelower straight edges thereof, whereby the folds or creases marked 3 4 inFig. 13 are produced. The spring ILS, projecting below the upper folding-roller h, serves to press inward the upper lap 3 a little in advanceof the lower one 4, thereby preventing the interference of one lap withthe other. r1he folding-rollers h h are now released from the action ofthe cam h5, and swiftly moved back to their former position by thespring hl, when the side folders K K are also released from the actionof the cams Z2, andreturned to their extended position by the springsL5. The mouth of the tube being creased, as above described, the top andbottom laps partially expand or straighten out again after the rollershare withdrawn. As soon as the side folders K are opened the feed motionbegins, and the paper tube is fed over the stationary knife l1 towardthe conveyer-rollers m m1, the tip of the partially-unfolded lap 4 beingguided between the latter by the guidebar m2. rollers m m1 is slightlyin excess of that of the feed-rollers (l C1, so as to take up any slackin the paper, and hold it tant over the knife Il. in being advancedbetween the endless tapes 0 o over the table M, as shown in Fig. 6, nowmeets, with the point of its lower lap 4, the point of the pasting-plateR, and is clamped thereby against the roller r2, as shown in Fig. 3,when the knife I descends, and severs the bag from the tube. The pasteis now applied to the flattened bottom, in the form represented in Fig.13, bythe pastingplate as it revolves. Before the bag has advanced farenough to reach the folding-plate U the latter is swung with its edgeagainst the inclined table by the action of the sliding bar o1, as shownby dotted lines in Fig. 12, so as to receive the tip of the lower bottomlap 4 as it is fed forward. The folder U is then re- The circumferentialVelocity of the rlhe creased end of the paper tube,A

leased, and returned to its open position, where-` by the lower bottomlap 4 is raised and turned up. The striker Vis now swung downward fromthe position shown in Fig. 6, and travels in contact, or nearly so, withthe surface of the paper bag untill it reaches the upper lap 3, which itfolds down under the lower lap 4, the latter being folded back as thebottom of the sack passes under the plate U in traveling to the rollersa a. The latter finally compress the folds, the tip of the lower foldbeing supplied with paste, by which it is secured over the tip of thelap 3. As the partially formed bag is carried down the inclined table bythe endless tapes, the upper tapes o, by pressing the paper against thetable, retain it in place thereon during the refolding of the laps 3 and4, as above described. When the bottom of the bag is lirmly clamped bythe rollers a n', the striker V is released by the cam c5 and returnedto its former position by the spring c4. The completed bags areconducted from the rollers n a to a drying apparatus of any suitableconstruction.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. The combination, with thefeed-rollers C C', of the reciprocating bar F and expanding-springs j' fattached thereto, for distendin g the mouth ofthe tube against theperipheries or faces of the rollers, preparatory to folding the same,substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

2. The combination, with the feed-rollers G C and expanding-springs, ofthe side folding hands and arms K L, constructed and combined asdescribed, for forming the side laps of the bottom of the bag,substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

3. The combination, with the arms L L and side folding-hands K K hingedthereto, of the shoulders 7c and springs 7c', substantially as and forthe purpose hereinbefore set forth.

4. The combination, with the rollers C C, of the side folding-hands K K,and the foldingrollers It h, adapted to the peripheries of thefeed-rollers, for folding the upper and lower bottom laps, substantiallyas hereinbefore set forth.

5. The combination, with the feed-rollers C C and folding-rollers h h,of the swinging bearings H H, links h3, and rock-lever h2, for operatingthe folding-rollers simultaneously, substantially as hereinbefore setforth.

6. The combination, with the simultaneously-operatin g folding-rollers hh, of the projecting plate or spring ha, for folding one of the laps alittle in advance of the other, substantially as hereinbetore set forth.

7. The combination, with the intermittinglyrevolving pasting-plate R andshaft r1, of the notched disk t tl and spring-pawl t2, for supportingthe pasting-plate in its proper position while at rest, substantially ashereinbcfore set forth.

8. The combination, with the driving-shaft D and paster-shaft r1, of theconnecting gear- Wheels P S, and the perfect and mutilated gears S1 S2,for imparting an intermittent rotary motion to the pasting-plate,substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

9. The combination, With the table M and tape conveyer o o', of thefolding-plate U, for refolding the lower bottom lap of the bag,substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

10. The combination, with the table M and conveyer o o', of thefolding-plate U and oscillating striker V, the bottom 1ap3 being foldedand held down by the striker until the folderplate has folded back thebottom lap 4 and secured it in an overlapping position over the lap 3,substantially as hereinbefore set forth. I 1l. The combination, with thefolder-plate

